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| Registros recuperados: 360 | |
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| Rodrigo,V.H.L.. |
| High land productivity is a must for any commercial cultivation including Hevea brasiliensis (rubber). Also, the high demand for natural rubber has placed great pressure on expanding rubber cultivation to new and non-traditional areas. Understanding the ecophysiological principles behind the measures of productivity improvements is vital for wide application of these measures and to assess their sustainability. This review discusses the ecophysiological principles and tools used, along with the measures taken, to address productivity needs in terms of: genotype selection, determination of optimum planting density, and establishment of intercropping systems. Breeding for high yields and selection of suitable genotypes for different growing conditions are a... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Rubber; Genotype selection; Intercropping; Planting density; Physiology. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400002 |
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| González,Armando; Tezara,Wilmer; Rengifo,Elizabeth; Herrera,Ana. |
| Nicotiana glauca, a shrub native to southern South America, is widely distributed in the Americas, from Patagonia to the USA, from zero up to 3,700 m; it rapidly invades disturbed environments. In Venezuela, it has been reported from zero up to 2,000 m growing in contrasting conditions of relative humidity, temperature, rainfall, and salinity. In order to gain insight into the extent and mode of resistance to drought and salinity in N. glauca, we studied the effect of these factors on water relations and photosynthesis under both natural and greenhouse conditions. In the field, water potential, photosynthetic rate (A) and stomatal conductance (gs), but not relative water content (RWC) decreased because of drought. Manual removal of epicuticular wax... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Drought; Osmotic adjustment; Salinity; Water deficit. |
| Ano: 2012 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202012000300008 |
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| Colmenares-Trejos,Sara L.; Melgarejo,Luz Marina; Romero A.,Hernán Mauricio. |
| The physiological response of high Andean forest contrasting plants, Myrcianthes leucoxyla, a shadow-facultative heliophyte, and Abatia parviflora, a heliophyte, was studied during the transition from dry season to wet season in Bogotá. Light response curves (A-PAR), water potential (Ψw), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (gs), leaf soluble protein content and peroxidase activity were measured in this study in a 48h cycle. The values for E, gs, Ψw and Ψw predawn for M. leucoxyla were 0.07 to 4.89 µg/cm s, 0.02 to 0.5 cm s-1, -0.025 to -1.05 MPa, and-0.1 MPa, respectively. For A. parviflora E, gs, Ψw and Ψw predawn were 0.47 to 12.27 µg/cm s, 0.17 to 1.42 cm s-1, -0.05 to -0.3 MPa and -0.075 MPa, respectively. A. parviflora presented a tendency... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: A-PAR curves; Gas exchange; Heliophyte; Shadow plant; Water potential. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000400008 |
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| DaMatta,Fábio M.; Ronchi,Cláudio P.; Maestri,Moacyr; Barros,Raimundo S.. |
| After oil, coffee is the most valuable traded commodity worldwide. In this review we highlighted some aspects of coffee growth and development in addition to focusing our attention on recent advances on the (eco)physiology of production in both Coffea arabica and C. canephora, which together account for 99% of the world coffee bean production. This review is organized into sections dealing with (i) climatic factors and environmental requirements, (ii) root and shoot growth, (iii) blossoming synchronisation, fruiting and cup quality, (iv) competition between vegetative and reproductive growth and branch die-back, (v) photosynthesis and crop yield, (vi) physiological components of crop yield, (vii) shading and agroforestry systems, and (viii) high-density... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Arabica conilon and robusta coffee beverage quality density planting die-back flowering photosynthesis; Shading. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400014 |
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| Almeida,Alex-Alan F. de; Valle,Raúl R.. |
| Cacao, one of the world's most important perennial crops, is almost exclusively explored for chocolate manufacturing. Most cacao varieties belong to three groups: Criollo, Forastero and Trinitario that vary according to morphology, genetic and geographical origins. It is cropped under the shade of forest trees or as a monocrop without shade. Seedlings initially show an orthotropic growth with leaf emission relatively independent of climate. The maturity phase begins with the emission of plagiotropic branches that form the tree crown. At this stage environmental factors exert a large influence on plant development. Growth and development of cacao are highly dependent on temperature, which mainly affects vegetative growth, flowering and fruit development.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Root growth; Flowering; Pod set; Flushing; Mineral nutrition. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400011 |
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| DaMatta,Fábio M.. |
| In this special issue, ecophysiology of major tropical tree crops, considered here on a broader sense and including species such as banana, cashew, cassava, citrus, cocoa, coconut, coffee, mango, papaya, rubber, and tea, are examined. For most of these crops, photosynthesis is treated as a central process affecting growth and crop performance. The crop physiological responses to environmental factors such as water availability and temperature are highlighted. Several gaps in our database concerning ecophysiology of tropical tree crops are indicated, major advances are examined, and needs of further researches are delineated. |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Crop growth and production; Environmental stresses and physiology; Photosynthesis; Gas exchange; Tropical tree crops. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000400001 |
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| Malta,Marcelo Ribeiro; Furtini Neto,Antônio Eduardo; Alves,José Donizeti; Guimarães,Paulo Tácito Gontijo. |
| Avaliou-se, neste trabalho, o efeito da aplicação de Zn via foliar na síntese de triptofano, aminoácidos totais e proteínas solúveis totais em mudas de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.). Cultivaram-se as mudas em solução nutritiva sem Zn durante quatro meses e após esse período, pulverizaram-se as plantas com ZnSO4.7H2O a 0,6 %, definindo-se os tratamentos segundo a posição de aplicação (basal: 6 pares de folhas inferiores, ou apical: 6 pares de folhas superiores, além dos ramos plagiotrópicos). As plantas foram coletadas nos tempos: 0 (testemunha), 12, 24, 48 ou 72 h após aplicação de Zn, separando-se as folhas da região apical, basal e dos ramos plagiotrópicos. Determinaram-se as concentrações foliares de triptofano, aminoácidos totais e proteínas solúveis... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Coffea arabica; Metabolismo; Proteína; Triptofano. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202002000100004 |
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| Sharma,Priyanka; Bhardwaj,Renu; Arora,Nitika; Arora,Hardesh Kumar. |
| The present work was undertaken to study the effects of 28-homobrassinolide on growth, zinc metal uptake, antioxidative enzyme [guaiacol peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7), catalase (EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2), ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11), superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1)] activities and protein content in 7-d-old seedlings of Brassica juncea L. treated with Zn metal at different concentrations. 28-homobrassinolide at 10-9 M concentration lowered Zn uptake and bioconcentration factor. Different concentrations of Zn-metal treatment alone decreased the enzyme activities and protein concentration of seedlings. However, pre-sowing treatments of 28homobrassinolide lowered the uptake of metal and enhanced the activities of enzymes and... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Antioxidative enzymes; 28-homobrassinolide; Brassinosteroids; Zinc toxicity. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202007000300004 |
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| Skrebsky,Etiane C.; Tabaldi,Luciane A.; Pereira,Luciane B.; Rauber,Renata; Maldaner,Joseila; Cargnelutti,Denise; Gonçalves,Jamile F.; Castro,Gabriel Y.; Shetinger,Maria R.C.; Nicoloso,Fernando T.. |
| Pfaffia glomerata (Spreng.) Pedersen plantlets were grown under different cadmium (Cd) concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 μM) in a hydroponic system during 7 d. Plant growth, micronutrient, chlorophyll and carotenoid concentrations, as well as δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA-D; E.C.4.2.1.24) and acid phosphatase (AP; E.C.3.1.3.2) activities were then analysed. Cadmium concentration in both shoots and roots increased with increasing external Cd levels. Metal concentration was on average 12-fold greater in root than in shoot tissues. Root length was unaffected by Cd treatments. In contrast, dry weight of both shoot and roots increased significantly upon addition of 20 and 40 μM Cd. Moreover, shoot and total plant dry weight was only reduced in... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Brazilian ginseng; Carotenoid; Chlorophyll; Heavy metal; Micronutrient; Phytoremediation. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202008000400004 |
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| Benkeblia,Noureddine. |
| The respiration rate (RR) (CO2 production), activation energy (Ea) and Q10 of maleic hydrazide-treated onion bulbs (Allium cepa, cv. Rouge Amposta) at 20.10-6 mol.L-1 (MH1) and 45.10-6 mol.L-1 (MH2) were measured at 4, 10 and 20ºC. Immediately after treatment, the Q10 of MH-treated and control bulbs were not significantly different. After 8 weeks of storage, Q10 of control and both MH-treated bulbs increased and ranged from 2.34 and 2.89. Respiration rate of onions increased during storage, and after 24 weeks, RR values of control, MH1 and MH2 were 0.43, 0.32 and 0.26 mmol CO2.kg-1.h-1 at 20ºC respectively; and 0.26, 0.20 and 0.17 mmol CO2.kg-1.h-1 at 10ºC respectively. At 4ºC, no significant difference was observed between control and MH-treated bulbs.... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Activation energy; MH; Onion; Q10; Respiration rate; Sprouting; Storage. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202004000100007 |
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| Soares,Alexandra Martins dos Santos; Souza,Thiago Freitas de; Jacinto,Tânia; Machado,Olga Lima Tavares. |
| Jasmonates are a class of plant hormones that mediate various aspects in gene and metabolic regulation, defense, stress responses, reproduction and, possibly, communication. Oxidative stress stimulates synthesis of antioxidant metabolites and enhances antioxidant enzyme activities that could protect plant tissues. The aim of this study was to verify the effects of methyl jasmonate (JAME) treatment on the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and on the activities of H2O2 scavenging enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX EC; 1.11.1.1), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7) in Ricinus communis leaves. The activity of CAT and GPX was transient while SOD activity decreased and APX increased... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Methyl jasmonate; Oxidative stress; Antioxidant enzymatic defenses; Catalase; Superoxide dismutase; Peroxidase; Ricinus comunnis; Signal transduction. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202010000300001 |
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| Sridhar,Balaji B. Maruthi; Han,Fengxiang X.; Diehl,Susan V.; Monts,David L.; Su,Yi. |
| Structural and ultrastructural changes caused by bioaccumulation of As and Cr in brake fern (Pteris vittata), a known arsenic hyperaccumulator, were investigated. Potted plants of brake fern were exposed to metal treatments of As and Cr for three weeks. Leaf, stem and root samples were collected periodically and fixed for LM (Light Microscopy), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy) to evaluate anatomical changes. The fresh weights, dry weights, RWC (Relative Water Content) and plant heights were obtained before the brake fern plants were harvested for metal accumulation analysis. The As accumulated mainly in the shoots while Cr accumulated mainly in the roots of the metal-treated plants. Significant changes in the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Anatomy; Arsenic; Chromium; Hyperaccumulator; Microscopy; Phytoremediation; Pteris vittata; Translocation; Ultrastructure. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000400006 |
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| Ullah,Faizan; Bano,Asghari. |
| The aim of the present investigation was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators viz., kinetin, chlorocholine chloride (CCC) and salicylic acid (SA) on achene yield and oil quality of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) cv. Thori pertaining to biodiesel production. The growth regulators were applied at 10-5M as foliar spray during flowering (140 days after sowing). Kinetin was highly effective in increasing achene yield, 100 achene weight and oil refractive index. Maximum achene oil content was found in CCC treatment. Kinetin and CCC significantly decreased oil acid value, free fatty acid content (% oleic acid) and specific gravity but increased oil pH. Kinetin was highly effective in increasing oleic acid (C18:1) but decreased the content of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
Palavras-chave: Biodiesel; Plant growth regulators; Safflower; Oil quality. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-04202011000100005 |
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| Registros recuperados: 360 | |
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